What is a Hiatal Hernia?

A Hiatal Hernia occurs when the upper part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm and enters the chest cavity. The diaphragm is a large muscle that separates the abdomen from the chest and helps in breathing. Normally, the stomach lies completely below the diaphragm. However, when a portion of it slides up through the diaphragm’s opening (called the hiatus), it is referred to as a hiatal hernia.

This condition is fairly common and can affect both men and women, particularly those over the age of 50.

Symptoms of Hiatal Hernia

Many people with a hiatal hernia may not notice any symptoms, especially in the early stages. However, when symptoms do occur, they are often similar to those of acid reflux or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Common signs include:

A burning sensation in the chest (heartburn)

Regurgitation of food or sour liquid

Difficulty swallowing

Chest or abdominal pain

Shortness of breath

Feeling of fullness soon after eating

These symptoms can be persistent and may worsen after meals or while lying down.

Causes and Risk Factors

Several factors can contribute to the development of a hiatal hernia, such as:

Age-related changes in the diaphragm

Injury or trauma to the area

Congenital defects (present at birth)

Chronic pressure on the surrounding muscles, such as from coughing, vomiting, straining during bowel movements, or lifting heavy objects

Obesity and smoking also increase the risk of developing this condition.

Diagnosis and Treatment

If you are experiencing frequent acidity-like symptoms, it is important to consult a specialist for accurate diagnosis. Dr. Sachin Arora, a highly qualified and experienced Laparoscopic GI and Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgeon, provides advanced evaluation and effective treatment for hiatal hernias.

Diagnostic tests may include:

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) series

Endoscopy

Esophageal manometry

Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition:

Lifestyle Changes: Eating smaller meals, avoiding trigger foods (like spicy or fatty foods), quitting smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight.

Medications: Antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors to reduce acid production.

Surgical Intervention: In cases where medications and lifestyle changes are ineffective, laparoscopic surgery may be recommended to repair the hernia.

Expert Care with Compassion

Dr. Sachin Arora

MBBS, M.Ch,MS, Surgical Gastroenterologist

Specialist in Laparoscopic GI, HPB, and Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery

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